Nkhani - Chifukwa chiyani tikugwiritsa ntchito kristalo ya Nd: YAG ngati njira yopezera phindu mu laser ya DPSS?

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Kodi Laser Gain Medium ndi chiyani?

Chipangizo chopezera kuwala pogwiritsa ntchito laser ndi chinthu chomwe chimakulitsa kuwala pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yotulutsa. Pamene maatomu kapena mamolekyu a chipangizocho afika pamlingo wapamwamba wa mphamvu, amatha kutulutsa ma photoni a kutalika kwa nthawi inayake akabwerera ku mphamvu yotsika. Njira imeneyi imakulitsa kuwala komwe kumadutsa mu chipangizocho, chomwe ndi chofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa laser.

[Blog Yogwirizana:Zigawo zazikulu za laser]

Kodi Njira Yopezera Ndalama Nthawi Zonse ndi Chiyani?

Njira yopezera phindu ikhoza kusiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapompweya, zakumwa (zopaka utoto), zolimba(makristalo kapena magalasi ophatikizidwa ndi ma ayoni achitsulo osowa kapena osinthika), ndi ma semiconductor.Ma laser olimbaMwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito makhiristo monga Nd: YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) kapena magalasi okhala ndi zinthu zosadziwika bwino. Ma laser opaka utoto amagwiritsa ntchito utoto wachilengedwe wosungunuka mu zosungunulira, ndipo ma laser opaka utoto amagwiritsa ntchito mpweya kapena zosakaniza za mpweya.

Ndodo za laser (kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja): Ruby, Alexandrite, Er:YAG, Nd:YAG

Kusiyana pakati pa Nd (Neodymium), Er (Erbium), ndi Yb (Ytterbium) ngati njira zopezera phindu

makamaka zimakhudzana ndi kutalika kwa mafunde a mpweya wotulutsa mpweya, njira zosamutsira mphamvu, ndi ntchito zake, makamaka pankhani ya zipangizo za laser zogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mafunde Otulutsa Mpweya:

- Er: Erbium nthawi zambiri imatulutsa mphamvu ya 1.55 µm, yomwe ili m'dera lotetezeka m'maso ndipo ndi yothandiza kwambiri pa ntchito zolumikizirana chifukwa cha kutayika kochepa kwa ulusi wa kuwala (Gong et al., 2016).

- Yb: Ytterbium nthawi zambiri imatulutsa pafupifupi 1.0 mpaka 1.1 µm, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ma laser amphamvu komanso ma amplifier. Yb nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chothandizira Er kuti iwonjezere kugwira ntchito bwino kwa zida zopangidwa ndi Er potumiza mphamvu kuchokera ku Yb kupita ku Er.

- Nd: Zipangizo zopangidwa ndi Neodymium nthawi zambiri zimatulutsa pafupifupi 1.06 µm. Mwachitsanzo, Nd:YAG imadziwika bwino chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito kwake bwino ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu lasers zamafakitale komanso zamankhwala (Y. Chang et al., 2009).

Njira Zosamutsira Mphamvu:

- Er ndi Yb Co-doping: Co-doping ya Er ndi Yb mu chipangizo cholandirira alendo ndi yothandiza pakukweza kutulutsa kwa mpweya m'magawo a 1.5-1.6 µm. Yb imagwira ntchito ngati sensitizer yothandiza ya Er mwa kuyamwa kuwala kwa pampu ndikusamutsa mphamvu ku ma ioni a Er, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutulutsa kwa mpweya kukhale kwakukulu mu gulu lolumikizirana. Kusamutsa mphamvu kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa ma amplifiers a fiber opangidwa ndi Er (EDFA) (DK Vysokikh et al., 2023).

- Nd: Nd nthawi zambiri siimafuna sensitizer ngati Yb m'makina opangidwa ndi Er. Kuchita bwino kwa Nd kumachokera ku kuyamwa kwake mwachindunji kwa kuwala kwa pampu ndi kutulutsa kwake pambuyo pake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale njira yolunjika komanso yothandiza kwambiri yopezera kuwala kwa laser.

Mapulogalamu:

- Er:Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakulankhulana chifukwa cha kutulutsa kwake kwa 1.55 µm, komwe kumagwirizana ndi zenera locheperako la ulusi wa silika. Ma Er-doped gain mediums ndi ofunikira kwambiri pa ma amplifiers a optical ndi ma lasers mumakina olumikizirana a fiber optic akutali.

- Yb:Kawirikawiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magwiritsidwe ntchito amphamvu kwambiri chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka zamagetsi kosavuta komwe kamalola kupompa bwino kwa diode komanso kutulutsa mphamvu zambiri. Zipangizo zokhala ndi Yb zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a machitidwe opangidwa ndi Er.

- Nd: Yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira kudula ndi kuwotcherera mafakitale mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito ma laser azachipatala. Ma laser a Nd:YAG ndi ofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito bwino, mphamvu, komanso kusinthasintha kwawo.

Chifukwa chiyani tinasankha Nd:YAG ngati njira yopezera phindu mu laser ya DPSS?

Laser ya DPSS ndi mtundu wa laser womwe umagwiritsa ntchito solid-state gain medium (monga Nd: YAG) yomwe imapopedwa ndi semiconductor laser diode. Ukadaulo uwu umalola ma laser ang'onoang'ono komanso ogwira ntchito bwino omwe amatha kupanga kuwala kwapamwamba kwambiri mu spectrum yowoneka ndi infrared. Kuti mupeze nkhani yatsatanetsatane, mungaganizire zofufuza m'ma database asayansi odalirika kapena ofalitsa kuti mupeze ndemanga zambiri zaukadaulo wa DPSS laser.

[Zogulitsa Zofanana:Laser yopopedwa ndi diode]

Nd:YAG nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yopezera phindu mu ma module a laser opompedwa ndi semiconductor pazifukwa zingapo, monga momwe maphunziro osiyanasiyana asonyezera:

1.Kugwira Ntchito Kwambiri ndi Mphamvu Yotulutsa: Kapangidwe ndi ma simulation a diode side-pumped Nd:YAG laser module yawonetsa kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, ndi diode side-pumped Nd:YAG laser yomwe imapereka mphamvu yapakati pa 220 W pomwe imasunga mphamvu yokhazikika pa pulse iliyonse mu wide frequency range. Izi zikusonyeza kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso kuthekera kwa kutulutsa mphamvu kwa ma Nd:YAG lasers pamene akupopedwa ndi ma diode (Lera et al., 2016).
2. Kusinthasintha kwa Ntchito ndi Kudalirika: Zipangizo za Nd:YAG zawonetsedwa kuti zimagwira ntchito bwino pa mafunde osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mafunde otetezeka m'maso, komanso zimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kuyambira pa kuwala mpaka kuwala. Izi zikusonyeza kusinthasintha komanso kudalirika kwa Nd:YAG ngati njira yopezera phindu pakugwiritsa ntchito laser zosiyanasiyana (Zhang et al., 2013).
3. Utali ndi Ubwino wa BeamKafukufuku wa laser ya Nd:YAG yogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, yopopedwa ndi diode, adagogomezera kukhalitsa kwake komanso kugwira ntchito kwake kosalekeza, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti Nd:YAG ndi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pofunikira magwero olimba komanso odalirika a laser. Kafukufukuyu adanenanso kuti imagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali ndi ma shoti opitilira 4.8 x 10^9 popanda kuwonongeka kwa kuwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuwalako kukhale kwabwino kwambiri (Coyle et al., 2004).
4. Ntchito Yogwira Ntchito Mosalekeza Kwambiri:Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ma laser a Nd:YAG amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri (CW), zomwe zikusonyeza kuti amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ngati njira yopezera mphamvu mu ma laser opangidwa ndi diode. Izi zikuphatikizapo kukwaniritsa mphamvu zosinthira kuwala komanso mphamvu zotsetsereka, zomwe zimatsimikiziranso kuti Nd:YAG ndi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma laser opangidwa ndi mphamvu zambiri (Zhu et al., 2013).

Kuphatikiza kwa magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, mphamvu yotulutsa, kusinthasintha kwa magwiridwe antchito, kudalirika, moyo wautali, komanso khalidwe labwino kwambiri la kuwala kumapangitsa Nd:YAG kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera mphamvu mu ma module a laser opompedwa ndi semiconductor kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Buku lothandizira

Chang, Y., Su, K., Chang, H., & Chen, Y. (2009). Laser yotetezeka maso ya Q-switched yogwira ntchito bwino pa 1525 nm yokhala ndi kristalo ya Nd:YVO4 yokhala ndi malekezero awiri ngati cholumikizira chokha. Optics Express, 17(6), 4330-4335.

Gong, G., Chen, Y., Lin, Y., Huang, J., Gong, X., Luo, Z., & Huang, Y. (2016). Kukula ndi mawonekedwe a kristalo ya Er:Yb:KGd(PO3)_4 ngati njira yopezera kuwala kwa laser ya 155 µm. Optical Materials Express, 6, 3518-3526.

Vysokikh, DK, Bazakutsa, A., Dorofeenko, AV, & Butov, O. (2023). Chitsanzo chochokera ku Er/Yb gain medium chogwiritsa ntchito poyesa ma fiber amplifiers ndi ma lasers. Journal of the Optical Society of America B.

Lera, R., Valle-Brozas, F., Torres-Peiró, S., Ruiz-de-la-Cruz, A., Galán, M., Bellido, P., Seimetz, M., Benlloch, J., & Roso, L. (2016). Mafanizidwe a mbiri yopindula ndi magwiridwe antchito a diode-pump QCW Nd:YAG laser. Optics Yogwiritsidwa Ntchito, 55 (33), 9573-9576.

Zhang, H., Chen, X., Wang, Q., Zhang, X., Chang, J., Gao, L., Shen, H., Cong, Z., Liu, Z., Tao, X., & Li, P. (2013). Laser yoteteza maso ya ceramic ya Nd:YAG yogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri yomwe imagwira ntchito pa 1442.8 nm. Optics Letters, 38(16), 3075-3077.

Coyle, DB, Kay, R., Stysley, P., & Poulios, D. (2004). Laser yogwira ntchito bwino, yodalirika, ya moyo wautali, yopompedwa ndi diode ya Nd:YAG yogwiritsira ntchito altimetry ya zomera zomwe zili mumlengalenga. Applied Optics, 43(27), 5236-5242.

Zhu, HY, Xu, CW, Zhang, J., Tang, D., Luo, D., & Duan, Y. (2013). Ma laser a ceramic a Nd:YAG opangidwa bwino kwambiri pa 946 nm. Makalata a Laser Physics, 10.

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