Nkhani - Chifukwa chiyani tikugwiritsa ntchito Nd: YAG crystal monga njira yopezera mu DPSS laser?

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Kodi Laser Gain Medium ndi chiyani?

Laser gain medium ndi chinthu chomwe chimakulitsa kuwala ndi kutulutsa kolimbikitsa. Pamene maatomu a sing'anga kapena mamolekyu asangalala kufika pamlingo wokulirapo wa mphamvu, amatha kutulutsa ma photon a utali wosiyanasiyana wa mafunde akabwerera ku mphamvu yochepa. Izi zimakulitsa kuwala komwe kumadutsa pakati, komwe kumakhala kofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito laser.

[Blog yofananira:Zigawo zazikulu za laser]

Kodi Usual Gain Medium ndi chiyani?

Njira yopezera phindu ikhoza kukhala yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapompweya, zakumwa (zofiira), zolimba(makristasi kapena magalasi okhala ndi ayoni achitsulo osowa padziko lapansi kapena osinthika), ndi ma semiconductors.Ma lasers olimba, mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito makhiristo monga Nd: YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) kapena magalasi opangidwa ndi zinthu zapadziko lapansi. Ma lasers a utoto amagwiritsa ntchito utoto wachilengedwe wosungunuka mu zosungunulira, ndipo ma laser amafuta amagwiritsa ntchito mpweya kapena kusakaniza kwa gasi.

Zida za laser (kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja): Ruby, Alexandrite, Er:YAG, Nd:YAG

Kusiyana pakati pa Nd (Neodymium), Er (Erbium), ndi Yb (Ytterbium) monga njira zopezera

makamaka zimagwirizana ndi mafunde awo otulutsa mphamvu, njira zosinthira mphamvu, ndikugwiritsa ntchito, makamaka pankhani ya zida za laser doped.

Emission Wavelengths:

- Er: Erbium nthawi zambiri imatulutsa pa 1.55 µm, yomwe ili m'dera lotetezedwa ndi maso ndipo imakhala yothandiza kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito matelefoni chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake mu ulusi wa kuwala (Gong et al., 2016).

- Yb: Ytterbium nthawi zambiri imatulutsa mozungulira 1.0 mpaka 1.1 µm, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ma laser amphamvu kwambiri ndi amplifiers. Yb imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ngati chodziwitsira Er kupititsa patsogolo luso la zida za Er-doped posamutsa mphamvu kuchokera ku Yb kupita ku Er.

- Nd: Zida zopangidwa ndi Neodymium nthawi zambiri zimatulutsa pafupifupi 1.06 µm. Nd:YAG, mwachitsanzo, imadziwika chifukwa cha luso lake ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi azachipatala lasers (Y. Chang et al., 2009).

Njira Zotumizira Mphamvu:

- Er ndi Yb Co-doping: Kuphatikizana kwa Er ndi Yb m'njira yolandirira kumakhala kopindulitsa pakupititsa patsogolo kutulutsa kwamtundu wa 1.5-1.6 µm. Yb imagwira ntchito ngati chodziwitsira Er potengera kuwala kwa mpope ndikusamutsa mphamvu ku Er ions, zomwe zimatsogolera kutulutsa kokulirapo mu bandi yolumikizirana. Kusintha kwamphamvu kumeneku ndikofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa Er-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) (DK Vysokikh et al., 2023).

- Nd: Nd nthawi zambiri simafuna chodziwitsira ngati Yb mu machitidwe a Er-doped. Kuchita bwino kwa Nd kumachokera ku kuyamwa kwake kwachindunji kwa kuwala kwa mpope ndi kutulutsa kotsatira, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yowongoka komanso yothandiza ya laser kupeza sing'anga.

Mapulogalamu:

- Er:Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamatelefoni chifukwa cha kutulutsa kwake ku 1.55 µm, komwe kumagwirizana ndi zenera lochepa lotayika la ulusi wa silika. Er-doped gain mediums ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa amplifiers optical ndi lasers mumayendedwe atalitali a fiber optic olankhulana.

- Yb:Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi apamwamba chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osavuta amagetsi omwe amalola kupopera bwino kwa diode komanso kutulutsa mphamvu zambiri. Zida za Yb-doped zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupititsa patsogolo machitidwe a Er-doped.

-Nd: Woyenerera ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira kudula mafakitale ndi kuwotcherera kwa lasers zachipatala. Nd: LAG lasers ndiwofunika kwambiri chifukwa chakuchita bwino, mphamvu, komanso kusinthasintha.

Chifukwa chiyani tidasankha Nd:YAG ngati njira yopezera DPSS laser

Laser ya DPSS ndi mtundu wa laser womwe umagwiritsa ntchito njira yolimbikitsira (monga Nd: YAG) yomwe imapopedwa ndi semiconductor laser diode. Ukadaulo uwu umalola kuti ma laser ang'onoang'ono, ogwira ntchito bwino omwe amatha kupanga matabwa apamwamba kwambiri pamawonekedwe owoneka ndi ma infrared. Kuti mumve zambiri, mutha kuganiza zofufuza mu nkhokwe zasayansi zodziwika bwino kapena osindikiza kuti muwunikenso mwatsatanetsatane paukadaulo wa laser wa DPSS.

[Zogwirizana nazo :Diode-pumped solid-state laser]

Nd:YAG nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yopezera ma module a laser semiconductor-pumped pazifukwa zingapo, monga zasonyezedwa ndi maphunziro osiyanasiyana:

1.Kuchita Bwino Kwambiri ndi Kutulutsa Mphamvu: Mapangidwe ndi mafananidwe a diode-pumped side-pumped Nd:YAG laser module adawonetsa bwino kwambiri, ndi diode side-pumped Nd:YAG laser yopereka mphamvu yapakati pa 220 W pamene ikusunga mphamvu zokhazikika pamtundu uliwonse pamtundu wambiri. Izi zikuwonetsa kuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kuthekera kotulutsa mphamvu zambiri za Nd: YAG lasers ikapopedwa ndi ma diode (Lera et al., 2016).
2.Kusinthasintha kwa Ntchito ndi Kudalirika: Nd: ZAMBIRI za YAG zawonetsedwa kuti zimagwira ntchito bwino pamafunde osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mafunde otetezedwa ndi maso, okhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri. Izi zikuwonetsa kusinthasintha kwa Nd:YAG komanso kudalirika ngati njira yopezera ma laser osiyanasiyana (Zhang et al., 2013).
3.Utali wautali ndi Ubwino wa Beam: Kafukufuku wa laser yamphamvu kwambiri, yopopa diode, Nd:YAG idagogomezera kutalika kwake komanso magwiridwe antchito osasinthika, kuwonetsa kukwanira kwa Nd:YAG pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira magwero a laser olimba komanso odalirika. Kafukufukuyu adanenanso kuti ntchito yayitali ndi yopitilira 4.8 x 10 ^ 9 kuwombera popanda kuwonongeka kwa kuwala, kusunga mtengo wabwino kwambiri (Coyle et al., 2004).
4.Kugwira Ntchito Kwambiri Kwambiri-Wave:Kafukufuku wawonetsa magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri a continuous-wave (CW) a Nd:YAG lasers, kuwunikira mphamvu zawo ngati njira yopezera ma diode-pumped laser system. Izi zikuphatikiza kukwaniritsa kusinthika kwakukulu kwa mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso magwiridwe antchito otsetsereka, kutsimikiziranso kuyenerera kwa Nd: YAG pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa laser (Zhu et al., 2013).

Kuphatikizika kwapamwamba kwambiri, kutulutsa mphamvu, kusinthasintha kwa magwiridwe antchito, kudalirika, moyo wautali, ndi mtengo wabwino kwambiri wa mtengo kumapangitsa Nd:YAG kukhala wokondeka wopezera ma module a semiconductor-pumped laser pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana.

Buku

Chang, Y., Su, K., Chang, H., & Chen, Y. (2009). Laser yotetezedwa ndi maso ya Q-Switched 1525 nm yokhala ndi mapeto awiri Nd: YVO4 crystal ngati sing'anga yodzipangira Raman. Optics Express, 17 (6), 4330-4335.

Gong, G., Chen, Y., Lin, Y., Huang, J., Gong, X., Luo, Z., & Huang, Y. (2016). Kukula ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a kristalo wa Er:Yb:KGd(PO3)_4 ngati chida chodalirika cha laser 155 µm. Optical Materials Express, 6, 3518-3526.

Vysokikh, DK, Bazakutsa, A., Dorofeenko, AV, & Butov, O. (2023). Mtundu woyeserera wa Er/Yb umapeza sing'anga wama fiber amplifiers ndi ma laser. Journal of the Optical Society of America B.

Lera, R., Valle-Brozas, F., Torres-Peiró, S., Ruiz-de-la-Cruz, A., Galán, M., Bellido, P., Seimetz, M., Benlloch, J., & Roso, L. (2016). Mafanizidwe a mbiri yopindula ndi magwiridwe antchito a diode-pump QCW Nd:YAG laser. Optics Yogwiritsidwa Ntchito, 55 (33), 9573-9576.

Zhang, H., Chen, X., Wang, Q., Zhang, X., Chang, J., Gao, L., Shen, H., Cong, Z., Liu, Z., Tao, X., & Li, P. (2013). Kuchita bwino kwambiri Nd: YAG ceramic yotetezedwa ndi laser yogwira ntchito pa 1442.8 nm. Makalata a Optics, 38 (16), 3075-3077.

Coyle, DB, Kay, R., Stysley, P., & Poulios, D. (2004). Laser yogwira mtima, yodalirika, yanthawi yayitali, yopopedwa ndi diode Nd:YAG yotengera mlengalenga mozama zamasamba. Optics Yogwiritsidwa Ntchito, 43 (27), 5236-5242.

Zhu, HY, Xu, CW, Zhang, J., Tang, D., Luo, D., & Duan, Y. (2013). Ma laser a ceramic opitilira 946 nm ogwira bwino kwambiri. Makalata a Laser Physics, 10.

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