Laser ya CW ndi laser ya QCW mu Welding

Makhalidwe Ogawa Mphamvu

Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha ma laser a CW ndi kugawa kwawo mphamvu kwa Gaussian, komwe kugawa mphamvu kwa gawo la laser kumachepa kuchokera pakati kupita kunja mu mawonekedwe a Gaussian (kugawa kwabwinobwino). Khalidwe logawali limalola ma laser a CW kukwaniritsa kulondola kwambiri komanso magwiridwe antchito, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito komwe kumafuna mphamvu yokhazikika.

Chithunzi Chogawa Mphamvu ya Laser ya CW

Ubwino wa Kuwotcherera kwa Laser kwa Continuous Wave (CW)

Mawonekedwe a Kapangidwe Kakang'ono

Kuyang'ana kapangidwe ka zitsulo kukuwonetsa ubwino wapadera wa kuwotcherera kwa laser ya Continuous Wave (CW) kuposa kuwotcherera kwa pulse ya Quasi-Continuous Wave (QCW). Kuwotcherera kwa pulse ya QCW, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi malire ake a pafupipafupi, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi 500Hz, kumakumana ndi kusinthana pakati pa kuchuluka kwa overlap ndi kuzama kwa kulowa. Kuchuluka kochepa kwa overlap kumapangitsa kuti kukhale kosakwanira, pomwe kuchuluka kwa overlap kumaletsa liwiro la welding, zomwe zimachepetsa magwiridwe antchito. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuwotcherera kwa laser ya CW, kudzera mu kusankha ma diameter oyenera a laser core ndi mitu ya welding, kumakwaniritsa kuwotcherera kogwira mtima komanso kosalekeza. Njirayi imatsimikizira kukhala yodalirika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito komwe kumafuna umphumphu wapamwamba wa seal.

Kuganizira za Kukhudzidwa ndi Kutentha

Poganizira za kutentha, kulumikiza kwa laser ya QCW pulse kumakumana ndi vuto la kuphatikizika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti msoko wa weld utenthedwe mobwerezabwereza. Izi zitha kuyambitsa kusagwirizana pakati pa kapangidwe ka chitsulo ndi zinthu zake, kuphatikizapo kusiyanasiyana kwa kukula kwa dislocation ndi kuchuluka kwa kuzizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chiopsezo cha ming'alu. Kumbali ina, kulumikiza kwa laser ya CW kumapewa vutoli popereka njira yotenthetsera yofanana komanso yopitilira.

Kusintha Kosavuta

Ponena za kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi kusintha, kuwotcherera kwa laser ya QCW kumafuna kusintha mosamala magawo angapo, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa kubwerezabwereza kwa pulse, mphamvu yayikulu, kukula kwa pulse, kayendedwe ka ntchito, ndi zina zambiri. Kuwotcherera kwa laser ya CW kumachepetsa njira yosinthira, kuyang'ana kwambiri mawonekedwe a mafunde, liwiro, mphamvu, ndi kuchuluka kwa defocus, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kwambiri vuto la ntchito.

Kupita Patsogolo kwa Ukadaulo mu Kuwotcherera kwa Laser kwa CW

Ngakhale kuti kulumikiza laser ya QCW kumadziwika ndi mphamvu zake zapamwamba komanso kutentha kochepa, kothandiza pakulumikiza zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kutentha komanso zinthu zopyapyala kwambiri, kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wolumikizira laser ya CW, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri (nthawi zambiri kupitirira ma watts 500) komanso kulumikiza kozama kutengera mphamvu ya keybool, kwakulitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ntchito zake komanso magwiridwe antchito ake. Mtundu uwu wa laser ndi woyenera kwambiri pazinthu zokhuthala kuposa 1mm, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba (oposa 8:1) ngakhale kutentha kwambiri.

Kuwotcherera kwa Laser kwa Quasi-Continuous Wave (QCW)

Kugawa Mphamvu Molunjika

QCW, yomwe imatanthauza "Quasi-Continuous Wave," ikuyimira ukadaulo wa laser pomwe laser imatulutsa kuwala mwanjira yosapitirira, monga momwe chithunzi a chikusonyezera. Mosiyana ndi kugawa mphamvu kofanana kwa ma laser osapitirira amodzi, ma laser a QCW amaika mphamvu zawo mozama kwambiri. Khalidweli limapatsa ma laser a QCW mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitha kulowa bwino kwambiri. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zofanana ndi mawonekedwe a "misomali" yokhala ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu cha kuzama ndi m'lifupi, zomwe zimathandiza ma laser a QCW kuti azichita bwino kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito ma alloys owunikira kwambiri, zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kutentha, komanso kuluka kwa micro-welding molondola.

Kukhazikika Kwambiri ndi Kuchepetsa Kusokoneza kwa Ma Plume

Chimodzi mwa zabwino zomwe QCW laser welding ili nazo ndi kuthekera kwake kuchepetsa zotsatira za zitsulo zomwe zimayamwa pamlingo woyamwa wa chinthucho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale zokhazikika. Pakakhudzana ndi laser ndi zinthu, kuuma kwamphamvu kumatha kupanga chisakanizo cha nthunzi yachitsulo ndi plasma pamwamba pa dziwe losungunuka, lomwe nthawi zambiri limatchedwa zitsulo. Zipangizozi zimatha kuteteza pamwamba pa chinthucho ku laser, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu isayende bwino komanso zolakwika monga kufalikira, malo ophulika, ndi mabowo. Komabe, kutulutsa kwa ma laser a QCW nthawi ndi nthawi (monga kuphulika kwa 5ms kutsatiridwa ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa 10ms) kumatsimikizira kuti kugunda kulikonse kwa laser kufika pamwamba pa chinthucho osakhudzidwa ndi zitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira yolumikizira ikhale yokhazikika, makamaka yothandiza pakulumikiza zinthu zopyapyala.

Mphamvu ya Dziwe Lolimba la Melt

Mphamvu ya dziwe losungunuka, makamaka pankhani ya mphamvu zomwe zimagwira ntchito pa dzenje la kiyi, ndizofunikira kwambiri podziwa mtundu wa weld. Ma laser osalekeza, chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwawo kwa nthawi yayitali komanso madera akuluakulu omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha, nthawi zambiri amapanga madzi osungunuka akuluakulu odzazidwa ndi chitsulo chamadzimadzi. Izi zingayambitse zolakwika zokhudzana ndi madzi osungunuka akuluakulu, monga kugwa kwa dzenje la kiyi. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mphamvu yolunjika komanso nthawi yochepa yolumikizirana ya welding ya laser ya QCW imayang'ana dziwe losungunuka mozungulira dzenje la kiyi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ifalikire mofanana komanso kuchepa kwa ma porosity, ming'alu, ndi kufalikira.