Nkhani - Kufunika Kwabwino kwa Lasers mu Ntchito Zodzitetezera

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Ma laser akhala ofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito zodzitetezera, kupereka mphamvu zomwe zida zachikhalidwe sizingafanane nazo. Blog iyi ikufotokoza kufunika kwa ma laser pakudziteteza, kugogomezera kusinthasintha kwawo, kulondola kwawo, komanso kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo komwe kwawapanga kukhala maziko a njira zamakono zankhondo.

Chiyambi

Kuyamba kwa ukadaulo wa laser kwasintha magawo ambiri, kuphatikizapo kulumikizana, zamankhwala, komanso chitetezo. Ma laser, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera a mgwirizano, monochromaticity, komanso mphamvu yayikulu, atsegula miyeso yatsopano mu luso lankhondo, kupereka kulondola, kubisalira, komanso kusinthasintha komwe kuli kofunika kwambiri pankhondo zamakono komanso njira zodzitetezera.

Kulondola ndi Kulondola

Ma laser amadziwika kuti ndi olondola komanso olondola. Kutha kwawo kuyang'ana pa zigoli zazing'ono patali kwambiri kumawapangitsa kukhala ofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito monga kusankha zigoli ndi kuwongolera zida zankhondo. Makina owunikira a laser okhala ndi mphamvu zapamwamba amatsimikizira kuti zida zankhondo zimaperekedwa molondola, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa zida zina ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zigoli zomwe zapambana (Ahmed, Mohsin, & Ali, 2020).

Kusinthasintha kwa Mapulatifomu Onse

Kusinthasintha kwa ma laser pamapulatifomu osiyanasiyana - kuyambira pazida zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'manja mpaka makina akuluakulu oyikidwa m'galimoto - kukuwonetsa kusinthasintha kwawo. Ma laser aphatikizidwa bwino pamapulatifomu apansi, apamadzi, ndi amlengalenga, akugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza kufufuza, kupeza zigoli, ndi zida zamagetsi mwachindunji kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito polimbana ndi zodzitchinjiriza. Kukula kwawo kochepa komanso kuthekera kopangidwira ntchito zinazake kumapangitsa ma laser kukhala njira yosinthika yogwirira ntchito zodzitchinjiriza (Bernatskyi & Sokolovskyi, 2022).

Kulankhulana Kowonjezereka ndi Kuyang'anira

Machitidwe olumikizirana pogwiritsa ntchito laser amapereka njira yotetezeka komanso yothandiza yotumizira uthenga, yofunika kwambiri pa ntchito zankhondo. Kuthekera kochepa koletsa ndi kuzindikira kulumikizana kwa laser kumatsimikizira kusinthana kwa deta nthawi yeniyeni pakati pa mayunitsi, kukulitsa chidziwitso cha momwe zinthu zilili komanso mgwirizano. Kuphatikiza apo, ma laser amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwunikira ndi kufufuza, kupereka zithunzi zapamwamba kwambiri zosonkhanitsira nzeru popanda kuzizindikira (Liu et al., 2020).

Zida Zamphamvu Zoyendetsedwa

Mwina kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa ma laser podziteteza ndi zida zamphamvu zolunjika (DEWs). Ma laser amatha kupereka mphamvu yokhazikika ku cholinga kuti chiwononge kapena kuwononga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwombere bwino popanda kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Kupanga makina a laser amphamvu kwambiri odzitetezera ku zida zankhondo, kuwononga ma drone, komanso kuletsa magalimoto kukuwonetsa kuthekera kwa ma laser kusintha mawonekedwe a nkhondo. Makinawa amapereka zabwino zambiri kuposa zida zachikhalidwe, kuphatikiza liwiro la kutumiza kuwala, mtengo wotsika pakuwombera, komanso kuthekera komenya zigoli zingapo molondola kwambiri (Zediker, 2022).

Mu ntchito zodzitetezera, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya laser imagwiritsidwa ntchito, iliyonse imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana kutengera mawonekedwe ndi luso lawo lapadera. Nazi zina mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya lasers mu ntchito zodzitetezera:

Mitundu ya Laser Yogwiritsidwa Ntchito Mu Chitetezo

Ma Laser Olimba (SSL): Ma laser amenewa amagwiritsa ntchito njira yopezera mphamvu, monga magalasi kapena zinthu za kristalo zokhala ndi zinthu za rare earth. Ma SSL amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida za laser zamphamvu kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zotulutsa zambiri, magwiridwe antchito, komanso mtundu wa beam. Akuyesedwa ndikuyikidwa kuti ateteze ma missile, kuwononga ma drone, ndi zida zina zamphamvu mwachindunji (Hecht, 2019).

Ma laser a Ulusi: Ma laser a fiber amagwiritsa ntchito ulusi wowala ngati njira yopezera phindu, zomwe zimapatsa ubwino pankhani yosinthasintha, mtundu wa beam, komanso magwiridwe antchito. Amakopa kwambiri chitetezo chifukwa cha kuphweka kwawo, kudalirika, komanso kusavutikira kwa kayendetsedwe ka kutentha. Ma laser a fiber amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu osiyanasiyana ankhondo, kuphatikiza zida zamphamvu zolunjika mwamphamvu, kusankhidwa kwa zolinga, ndi machitidwe olimbana nawo (Lazov, Teirumnieks, & Ghalot, 2021).

Ma laser a Mankhwala: Ma laser a mankhwala amapanga kuwala kwa laser kudzera mu zochita za mankhwala. Limodzi mwa ma laser a mankhwala odziwika bwino pa chitetezo ndi Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser (COIL), lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina a laser owuluka m'mlengalenga poteteza zida zankhondo. Ma laser amenewa amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri ndipo amagwira ntchito bwino patali (Ahmed, Mohsin, & Ali, 2020).

Ma laser a Semiconductor:Amadziwikanso kuti ma laser diode, awa ndi ma laser ang'onoang'ono komanso ogwira ntchito bwino omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuyambira pa rangefinder ndi targeting designators mpaka infrared countermeasures ndi magwero a pampu a makina ena a laser. Kukula kwawo kochepa komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kumapangitsa kuti akhale oyenera makina oteteza onyamulika komanso oyikidwa m'galimoto (Neukum et al., 2022).

Ma Laser Otulutsa Zinthu Pamwamba Okhala ndi Mipata Yowongoka (VCSELs): Ma VCSEL amatulutsa kuwala kwa laser molunjika pamwamba pa wafer yopangidwa ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwe zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso zinthu zazing'ono, monga machitidwe olumikizirana ndi masensa azinthu zodzitetezera (Arafin & Jung, 2019).

Ma Laser Abuluu:Ukadaulo wa laser wabuluu ukufufuzidwa kuti ugwiritsidwe ntchito poteteza chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zoyamwa bwino, zomwe zingachepetse mphamvu ya laser yomwe imafunika pa chandamale. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ma laser abuluu akhale oyenera kuteteza ma drone ndi zida zodzitetezera ku ma missile, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zazing'ono komanso zopepuka zomwe zingathandize (Zediker, 2022).

Buku lothandizira

Ahmed, SM, Mohsin, M., & Ali, SMZ (2020). Kafukufuku ndi kusanthula ukadaulo wa laser ndi ntchito zake zodzitetezera. Ukadaulo wa Chitetezo.
Bernatskyi, A., & Sokolovskyi, M. (2022). Mbiri ya chitukuko cha ukadaulo wa laser wankhondo mu ntchito zankhondo. Mbiri ya sayansi ndi ukadaulo.
Liu, Y., Chen, J., Zhang, B., Wang, G., Zhou, Q., & Hu, H. (2020). Kugwiritsa ntchito filimu yopyapyala yoyesedwa mu zida zodzitetezera ndi laser. Journal of Physics: Conference Series.
Zediker, M. (2022). Ukadaulo wa laser wabuluu wogwiritsira ntchito chitetezo.
Arafin, S., & Jung, H. (2019). Kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa pa ma VCSEL opangidwa ndi magetsi ochokera ku GaSb pa ma wavelength opitilira 4 μm.
Hecht, J. (2019). Nkhani yotsatira ya “Nkhondo za Nyenyezi”? Kukopa kwa mphamvu yolunjika pa zida zamlengalenga. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.
Lazov, L., Teirumnieks, E., & Ghalot, RS (2021). Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ukadaulo wa Laser mu Usilikali.
Neum, J., Friedmann, P., Hilzensauer, S., Rapp, D., Kissel, H., Gilly, J., & Kelemen, M. (2022). Ma laser a diode a Multi-watt (AlGaIn) (AsSb) pakati pa 1.9μm ndi 2.3μm.