Ndi kupita patsogolo mwachangu kwaukadaulo wa optoelectronic, ma lasers a semiconductor agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga matelefoni, mankhwala, kukonza mafakitale, ndi LiDAR, chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwawo, kukula kwake kophatikizika, komanso kusinthasintha kwake. Pakatikati pa ukadaulo uwu pali njira yopezera phindu, yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Imagwira ntchito ngati“gwero la mphamvu”zomwe zimathandizira kutulutsa komanso kupanga laser, kudziwa laser's magwiridwe, kutalika kwa mafunde, ndi kuthekera kwakugwiritsa ntchito.
1. Kodi Gain Medium ndi chiyani?
Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, njira yopezera phindu ndi chinthu chomwe chimapereka kuwala kwa kuwala. Ikasangalatsidwa ndi magwero amphamvu akunja (monga jekeseni wamagetsi kapena kupopera kwamagetsi), imakulitsa kuwala kwa zochitika kudzera pamakina otulutsa mphamvu, zomwe zimatsogolera kutulutsa kwa laser.
Mu ma lasers a semiconductor, sing'anga yopeza nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi gawo lomwe limagwira pamagawo a PN, omwe kapangidwe kake, kapangidwe kake, ndi njira za doping zimakhudza mwachindunji magawo ofunikira monga poyambira pano, kutalika kwa mafunde, mphamvu, komanso mawonekedwe amafuta.
2. Zida Zomwe Zimapindula mu Semiconductor Lasers
Ma semiconductors a III-V ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popeza zinthu. Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino ndi izi:
①GaAs (Gallium Arsenide)
Oyenera ma laser amitting mu 850-980 nm osiyanasiyana, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu kulumikizana kwa kuwala ndi kusindikiza kwa laser.
②InP (Indidium Phosphide)
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito potulutsa mpweya m'magulu a 1.3 µm ndi 1.55 µm, ofunikira pamalumikizidwe a fiber-optic.
③InGaAsP / AlGaAs / InGaN
Zolemba zawo zimatha kusinthidwa kuti zikwaniritse mafunde osiyanasiyana, ndikupanga maziko opangira ma laser a tunable-wavelength.
Zidazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zida zachindunji, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zogwira mtima kwambiri pakuphatikizanso ma electron-hole ndi ma photon emission, oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu semiconductor laser gain medium.
3. Chisinthiko cha Mapangidwe a Gain
Pamene matekinoloje opangira zinthu akupita patsogolo, zopangira ma semiconductor lasers zasintha kuchokera ku ma homojunctions oyambilira kupita ku ma heterojunctions, ndikupitanso kumayendedwe apamwamba a quantum ndi madontho a quantum.
①Heterojunction Gain Medium
Mwa kuphatikiza zida za semiconductor ndi ma bandgap osiyanasiyana, zonyamula ndi ma photon zitha kutsekeredwa bwino m'magawo osankhidwa, kupititsa patsogolo kupindula ndikuchepetsa malire apano.
②Quantum Well Structures
Pochepetsa makulidwe a chigawo chogwira ntchito ku sikelo ya nanometer, ma elekitironi amatsekeredwa mumiyeso iwiri, kukulitsa kwambiri mphamvu yolumikizananso ndi ma radiation. Izi zimabweretsa ma laser okhala ndi mafunde otsika komanso kukhazikika kwamafuta.
③Zithunzi za Quantum Dot
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zodzipangira okha, ma nanostructures a zero-dimensional amapangidwa, kupereka kugawa kwamphamvu kwamphamvu. Zomangamangazi zimapereka mawonekedwe opindulirako komanso kukhazikika kwa kutalika kwa mafunde, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala malo opangira kafukufuku wam'badwo wotsatira wa semiconductor lasers.
4. Kodi Gain Medium Imatsimikizira Chiyani?
①Emission Wavelength
The bandgap wa zinthu amatsimikizira laser's kutalika kwa mafunde. Mwachitsanzo, InGaAs ndiyoyenera ma lasers apafupi ndi infrared, pomwe InGaN imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi abuluu kapena a violet.
②Kuchita bwino & Mphamvu
Kuyenda kwa chonyamulira komanso kusakanikirana kopanda ma radiation kumakhudza kusinthika kwa kuwala kwamagetsi.
③Kutentha Magwiridwe
Zida zosiyanasiyana zimayankha kusintha kwa kutentha m'njira zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakhudza kudalirika kwa laser m'madera a mafakitale ndi ankhondo.
④Kuyankha kwa Modulation
The gain medium amakhudza laser's liwiro la kuyankha, lomwe ndi lofunikira kwambiri pamapulogalamu olumikizirana othamanga kwambiri.
5. Mapeto
Mu kapangidwe kake ka semiconductor lasers, njira yopezera phindu ndiyodi "mtima" wake.-osati kokha ndi udindo wopanga laser komanso kukopa moyo wake wonse, kukhazikika, komanso momwe amagwiritsira ntchito. Kuchokera pa kusankha zinthu mpaka kamangidwe kake, kuchokera ku machitidwe a macroscopic kupita ku makina ang'onoang'ono, kupambana kulikonse pakupeza sing'anga kumayendetsa ukadaulo wa laser kuti ugwire bwino ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito mokulirapo, komanso kufufuza mozama.
Ndi kupita patsogolo kopitilira muyeso mu sayansi yazinthu ndiukadaulo wa nano-fabrication, kupindula kwamtsogolo kukuyembekezeka kubweretsa kuwala kokulirapo, kufalikira kwa mafunde, ndi mayankho anzeru a laser.-Kutsegula mwayi wambiri wa sayansi, mafakitale, ndi anthu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-17-2025