Kukula kwa Ma Pulse a Pulseed Lasers

Upana wa kugunda kwa mtima umatanthauza nthawi ya kugunda kwa mtima, ndipo nthawi zambiri mtunda umayambira pa nanoseconds (ns, 10).^-9masekondi) kupita ku femtoseconds (fs, 10^-15Masekondi). Ma laser opunduka okhala ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana a pulse ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

- Kufupika kwa Kugunda (Picosecond/Femtosecond):

Zabwino kwambiri pokonza zinthu zosalimba bwino (monga galasi, safiro) kuti muchepetse ming'alu.

- Kutalika kwa Kugunda Kwambiri (Nanosecond): Koyenera kudula zitsulo, kuwotcherera, ndi ntchito zina zomwe zimafunika kutentha.

- Femtosecond Laser: Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita opaleshoni ya maso (monga LASIK) chifukwa imatha kudula bwino minofu yozungulira popanda kuwononga minofu yozungulira.

- Ma pulses afupi: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzira njira zothamanga kwambiri, monga kugwedezeka kwa mamolekyulu ndi machitidwe a mankhwala.

Kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito a laser, monga mphamvu yayikulu (P)._nsonga= mphamvu ya pulse/m'lifupi mwa pulse. M'lifupi mwa pulse, mphamvu ya peak ya mphamvu yomweyo ya pulse imodzi imakhala yokwera.) Zimakhudzanso zotsatira za kutentha: m'lifupi mwa pulse, monga nanoseconds, zimatha kuyambitsa kusungunuka kwa kutentha muzinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusungunuka kapena kuwonongeka kwa kutentha kusungunuke; m'lifupi mwa pulse, monga picoseconds kapena femtoseconds, zimathandiza "kukonza kozizira" ndi madera ochepetsedwa omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha.

Ma laser a fiber nthawi zambiri amawongolera ndikusintha m'lifupi mwa kugunda kwa mtima pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi:

1. Q-Switching: Imapanga ma nanosecond pulses mwa kusintha nthawi ndi nthawi kutayika kwa resonator kuti ipange ma pulses amphamvu kwambiri.

2. Mode-Locking: Imapanga ma pulse a picosecond kapena femtosecond ultrashort mwa kulumikiza ma longitudinal modes mkati mwa resonator.

3. Ma Modulator kapena Zotsatira Zosakhala Zam'mbali: Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito Nonlinear Polarization Rotation (NPR) mu ulusi kapena zotengera zokhuta kuti muchepetse m'lifupi mwa pulse.