Mphamvu ya pulse ya laser imatanthauza mphamvu yomwe imatumizidwa ndi laser pulse pa unit of time. Kawirikawiri, ma laser amatha kutulutsa mafunde osalekeza (CW) kapena mafunde osunthika, ndipo omalizawa ndi ofunikira kwambiri pazinthu zambiri monga kukonza zinthu, kuzindikira kutali, zida zamankhwala, ndi kafukufuku wasayansi. Kumvetsetsa makhalidwe a laser pulse energy ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukonza magwiridwe antchito ake ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito.
1. Tanthauzo ndi Muyeso wa Mphamvu ya Kugunda
Mphamvu ya pulse ya laser ndi mphamvu yomwe imatulutsidwa ndi pulse iliyonse ya laser, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayesedwa mu ma joules (J). Mosiyana ndi ma laser osalekeza (CW), ma laser ozungulira amatulutsa mphamvu pakapita nthawi yochepa, ndipo kukula kwa mphamvu nthawi zambiri kumakhudzana ndi nthawi ya pulse (mpweya wozungulira) ndi mphamvu ya pachimake.
Mphamvu ya pulse ikhoza kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi: E = Ppeak × τ. Pamene E ndi mphamvu ya kugunda kwa mtima (joules), Ppeak ndi mphamvu ya kugunda kwa mtima (watts), ndipo τ ndi nthawi ya kugunda kwa mtima (masekondi). Izi zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu ya kugunda kwa mtima imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi mphamvu ya kugunda kwa mtima komanso m'lifupi mwa kugunda kwa mtima.
2. Zinthu Zomwe Zimakhudza Mphamvu ya Kugunda kwa Mtima
Zinthu zingapo zimakhudza mphamvu ya kugunda kwa mtima ya laser, kuphatikizapo:
①Kapangidwe ka Laser ndi Mtundu:
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma laser imakhudza kukula kwa mphamvu ya pulse. Mwachitsanzo, ma laser a solid-state nthawi zambiri amapereka mphamvu ya pulse yapamwamba, yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofunikira mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa. Koma ma laser a fiber amatha kupanga ma pulse amphamvu kwambiri posintha kutalika kwa mafunde awo.
②Kutalika kwa Kugunda (Kuchuluka kwa Kugunda):
M'lifupi mwa kugunda kwa mtima, mphamvu ya kugunda kwa mtima imakhala yokwera kwambiri munthawi inayake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya kugunda kwa mtima ikhale yokwera kwambiri. M'lifupi mwa kugunda kwa mtima mu ma laser oyendetsedwa ndi mtima nthawi zambiri amatha kusinthidwa pakati pa ma nanoseconds ndi ma picoseconds, ndipo ma pulses afupi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ntchito zolondola kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu yawo yapamwamba kwambiri.
③Mphamvu ya Laser ndi Mphamvu Yosinthira Mphamvu:
Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa laser kumatsimikizira mwachindunji kutulutsa mphamvu. Makina ena a laser amatha kupititsa patsogolo kugwira ntchito bwino kwa kusintha kwa magetsi mwa kukonza kapangidwe ka gain medium kapena laser cavity, motero kuwonjezera mphamvu ya pulse.
④Zokulitsa Mphamvu za Laser:
Mu machitidwe ambiri a laser amphamvu kwambiri, ma amplifiers amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera mphamvu yotulutsa. Kudzera mu kukulitsa kwa magawo ambiri, mphamvu ya pulse imatha kukulitsidwa kwambiri.
⑤Laser Drive Yamakono:
Mphamvu yoyendetsera ya laser diode kapena dongosolo la laser ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza mphamvu yake yotulutsa ndi mphamvu ya pulse. Mwa kusintha mphamvu, momwe laser imayankhira imatha kusinthidwa, zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu ya pulse.
3. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu ya Laser Pulse
Kukula kwa mphamvu ya laser pulse kumatsimikiza kuyenerera kwake m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Ntchito zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi izi:
①Kukonza Zinthu:
Pakuwotcherera, kudula, ndi kulemba pogwiritsa ntchito laser, mphamvu ya pulse imatha kulamulidwa bwino kuti ikwaniritse bwino komanso molondola kwambiri. Mphamvu ya pulse yambiri ndi yoyenera kukonza zinthu zachitsulo, pomwe pulse yamphamvu yochepa imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza pamwamba pang'ono.
②Mapulogalamu Azachipatala:
Ma laser opangidwa ndi pulsed amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo azachipatala, makamaka pa opaleshoni ya laser, chithandizo cha khungu, ndi chithandizo cha maso. Mwachitsanzo, ma laser opangidwa ndi pulsed okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri amatha kuyang'ana mphamvu ya laser ya mafunde enaake m'malo ang'onoang'ono kuti achotse minofu yodwala kapena kuchiza matenda a maso.
③LiDAR ndi Kuzindikira Kutali:
Ukadaulo wa LiDAR umadalira ma laser amphamvu kwambiri kuti azitha kusiyanitsa bwino zinthu komanso kujambula zithunzi molondola. Pakuwunika chilengedwe, kuyendetsa galimoto yokha, komanso kuyang'anira ma drone, kukula kwa mphamvu ya kugunda kwa mtima kumakhudza mwachindunji mtunda wozindikira ndi kutsimikiza kwa dongosolo la LiDAR.
④Kafukufuku wa Sayansi:
Ma laser opangidwa ndi pulsed amakhalanso ndi gawo lofunikira pakuyesera mu fizikisi, chemistry, ndi biology. Mwa kuwongolera bwino mphamvu ya pulse, asayansi amatha kuchita spectroscopy yolondola kwambiri, kufulumizitsa tinthu, komanso kafukufuku woziziritsa wa laser.
4. Njira Zowonjezerera Mphamvu ya Kugunda kwa Mtima
Njira zodziwika bwino zowonjezerera mphamvu ya laser pulse ndi izi:
①Pezani Kukhathamiritsa Kwapakati:
Mwa kusankha njira yoyenera yopezera mphamvu ndikukonza kapangidwe ka laser cavity, mphamvu yotulutsa ya laser ikhoza kuwonjezeka.
②Kukula kwa Laser kwa magawo ambiri:
Ma amplifiers okhala ndi magawo ambiri amatha kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono mphamvu ya kugunda kwa laser kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira za ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
③Kuchulukitsa Kuthamanga kwa Mphamvu kapena Kugunda kwa Mpweya:
Kusintha mphamvu ya laser kapena m'lifupi mwa pulse kungapangitse kuti pulse ikhale ndi mphamvu zambiri.
④Ukadaulo Wopondereza Kugunda:
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zochepetsera kugunda kwa mtima, nthawi ya kugunda kwa mtima imatha kuchepetsedwa, kuwonjezera mphamvu yake yayikulu ndikutulutsa mphamvu zambiri munthawi yochepa.
5. Mapeto
Mphamvu ya laser pulse ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ma laser m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza muukadaulo wa laser, ma pulsed laser adzakhala ndi ntchito zambiri m'mafakitale ambiri. Kuyambira pakupanga molondola mpaka kuzindikira kutali ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, mphamvu zambiri zomwe ma pulsed laser amapereka zimatsegula mwayi watsopano. Kumvetsetsa mfundo zoyambira za mphamvu ya pulse ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kungathandize kupanga zisankho zambiri zasayansi popanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito makina a laser.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-11-2025