Lembetsani ku Social Media Yathu Kuti Mupeze Nkhani Yachangu

Ma laser, maziko a ukadaulo wamakono, ndi osangalatsa komanso ovuta. Pakati pawo pali gulu la zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito limodzi kuti zipange kuwala kogwirizana komanso kowonjezereka. Blog iyi ikufotokoza zovuta za zinthuzi, mothandizidwa ndi mfundo zasayansi ndi ma equation, kuti ipereke kumvetsetsa kwakuya kwa ukadaulo wa laser.

Chidziwitso Chapamwamba pa Zigawo za Laser System: Malingaliro Aukadaulo kwa Akatswiri

Chigawo	Ntchito	Zitsanzo
Pezani Pakati	Gain medium ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu laser powonjezera kuwala. Chimathandizira kukulitsa kuwala kudzera mu ndondomeko ya kusintha kwa anthu komanso kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera. Kusankha gain medium kumatsimikizira mawonekedwe a kuwala kwa laser.	Ma Laser OlimbaMwachitsanzo, Nd:YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet), yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachipatala ndi mafakitale.Ma laser a GasiMwachitsanzo, ma laser a CO2, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito podula ndi kuwotcherera.Ma laser a Semiconductor:Mwachitsanzo, ma laser diode, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndi fiber optics ndi ma laser pointers.
Gwero Lopopera	Gwero lopopera limapereka mphamvu ku malo opezera mphamvu kuti akwaniritse kusintha kwa anthu (gwero la mphamvu losinthira anthu), zomwe zimathandiza kuti laser igwire ntchito.	Kupopera kwa KuwalaKugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwamphamvu monga ma flashlights popopera ma solid-state lasers.Kupopa Magetsi: Kusangalatsa mpweya mu ma laser a gasi kudzera mu mphamvu yamagetsi.Kupompa kwa SemiconductorKugwiritsa ntchito ma laser diode kupompa solid-state laser medium.
Mphepete mwa Optical	Chipinda chowala, chokhala ndi magalasi awiri, chimawunikira kuwala kuti chiwonjezere kutalika kwa njira ya kuwala mu gawo lowonjezera kuwala, motero kumawonjezera kukulitsa kuwala. Chimapereka njira yobwezera kukulitsa kwa laser, posankha mawonekedwe a kuwala ndi malo.	Mphepete mwa Planar-Planar: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza za labotale, kapangidwe kosavuta.Mpanda wa Planar-Concave: Yodziwika bwino mu ma laser a mafakitale, imapereka mipiringidzo yapamwamba kwambiri. Mphepete mwa Mphete: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe enaake a ma ring laser, monga ma ring gas lasers.

Njira Yopezera Ndalama: Chiyanjano cha Quantum Mechanics ndi Optical Engineering

Mphamvu za Quantum mu Gain Medium

Njira yopezera mphamvu ndi komwe njira yofunikira yowonjezerera kuwala imachitika, chinthu chomwe chimazika mizu kwambiri mu quantum mechanics. Kuyanjana pakati pa mphamvu ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono mkati mwa njira kumayendetsedwa ndi mfundo za kutulutsa kolimbikitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa anthu. Ubale wofunikira pakati pa mphamvu ya kuwala (I), mphamvu yoyambirira (I0), gawo losinthira (σ21), ndi manambala a tinthu tating'onoting'ono pamlingo wa mphamvu ziwiri (N2 ndi N1) ukufotokozedwa ndi equation I = I0e^(σ21(N2-N1)L). Kukwaniritsa kusintha kwa anthu, komwe N2 > N1, ndikofunikira pakukulitsa ndipo ndi mwala wapangodya wa laser physics[1].

Machitidwe a Magawo Atatu ndi Magawo Anayi

Mu mapangidwe a laser ogwiritsidwa ntchito, machitidwe a magawo atatu ndi anayi amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Machitidwe a magawo atatu, ngakhale kuti ndi osavuta, amafunika mphamvu zambiri kuti akwaniritse kusintha kwa anthu chifukwa gawo lotsika la laser ndi dziko lapansi. Komabe, machitidwe a magawo anayi amapereka njira yothandiza kwambiri yosinthira kuchuluka kwa anthu chifukwa cha kuwonongeka mwachangu kosachokera ku mphamvu yapamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofala kwambiri m'magwiritsidwe ntchito a laser amakono [2].

Is Galasi lopangidwa ndi Erbiumnjira yopezera phindu?

Inde, galasi lopangidwa ndi erbium ndi mtundu wa njira yopezera mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina a laser. Pachifukwa ichi, "doping" ikutanthauza njira yowonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma erbium ions (Er³⁺) ku galasi. Erbium ndi chinthu chosowa kwambiri chomwe, chikaphatikizidwa mu galasi, chimatha kukulitsa kuwala kudzera mu mpweya wotulutsidwa, njira yofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa laser.

Galasi lopangidwa ndi Erbium ndi lodziwika bwino chifukwa chogwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma fiber laser ndi ma fiber amplifier, makamaka mumakampani olumikizirana. Ndiloyenera kwambiri pa ntchito izi chifukwa limakulitsa bwino kuwala pa ma wavelength pafupifupi 1550 nm, komwe ndi ma wavelength ofunikira kwambiri pa kulumikizana kwa ulusi wa kuwala chifukwa cha kutayika kochepa kwa ulusi wamba wa silica.

Theerbiumma ayoni amayamwa kuwala kwa pampu (nthawi zambiri kuchokera kudiode ya laser) ndipo amasangalala ndi mphamvu zapamwamba. Akabwerera ku mphamvu zochepa, amatulutsa ma photon pa kutalika kwa mafunde, zomwe zimathandiza kuti laser igwire bwino ntchito. Izi zimapangitsa kuti galasi lopangidwa ndi erbium likhale lothandiza komanso logwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ma laser ndi ma amplifier osiyanasiyana.

Mabulogu Ofanana: Nkhani - Galasi Lopangidwa ndi Erbium: Sayansi ndi Mapulogalamu

Njira Zopopera: Mphamvu Yoyendetsera Ma Laser

Njira Zosiyanasiyana Zokwaniritsira Kusintha kwa Anthu

Kusankha njira yopopera ndi kofunika kwambiri pakupanga laser, zomwe zimakhudza chilichonse kuyambira pakugwira ntchito bwino mpaka kutalika kwa mphamvu yotulutsa. Kupopera kwa kuwala, pogwiritsa ntchito magwero akunja monga ma flashlight kapena ma laser ena, ndikofala mu ma solid-state ndi ma dye laser. Njira zamagetsi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma gasi laser, pomwe ma semiconductor laser nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma electron injection. Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa njira zopopera izi, makamaka mu ma diode-pumped solid-state lasers, kwakhala cholinga chachikulu cha kafukufuku waposachedwa, zomwe zimapereka magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso opapatiza [3].

Zoganizira Zaukadaulo Pakugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino Pompo

Kugwira bwino ntchito kwa njira yopopera ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga kwa laser, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito onse komanso kuyenerera kwa ntchito. Mu ma laser olimba, kusankha pakati pa ma flashlamp ndi ma laser diode ngati gwero la pampu kungakhudze kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a dongosololi, kutentha, komanso mtundu wa kuwala. Kukula kwa ma laser diode amphamvu komanso ogwira ntchito kwambiri kwasintha machitidwe a laser a DPSS, zomwe zapangitsa kuti mapangidwe azikhala ochepa komanso ogwira ntchito bwino.4].

Kukonza Mpata wa Optical: Kupanga Beam ya Laser

Kapangidwe ka M'chimbudzi: Lamulo Lolinganiza Fiziki ndi Uinjiniya

Chipinda chowunikira, kapena resonator, sichinthu chongokhala chopanda ntchito koma chimagwira ntchito mwakhama popanga kuwala kwa laser. Kapangidwe ka chipindacho, kuphatikizapo kupindika ndi kulinganiza magalasi, kumachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakutsimikiza kukhazikika, kapangidwe ka mawonekedwe, ndi kutulutsa kwa laser. Chipindacho chiyenera kupangidwa kuti chiwonjezere phindu la kuwala pamene chikuchepetsa kutayika, vuto lomwe limaphatikiza uinjiniya wa kuwala ndi ma wave optics.5.

Mikhalidwe Yosinthasintha ndi Kusankha Njira

Kuti laser oscillation ichitike, phindu lomwe medium imapeza liyenera kupitirira kutayika komwe kuli mkati mwa cavity. Mkhalidwewu, pamodzi ndi kufunikira kwa coherent wave superposition, umafuna kuti njira zinazake zotalika zokha ndi zomwe zimathandizidwa. Kutalika kwa mode ndi kapangidwe ka mode konse zimakhudzidwa ndi kutalika kwa cavity ndi refractive index ya gain medium [6].

Mapeto

Kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka makina a laser kumaphatikizapo mfundo zosiyanasiyana za fizikisi ndi uinjiniya. Kuyambira pa quantum mechanics yomwe imalamulira njira yopezera phindu mpaka uinjiniya wovuta wa cavity ya kuwala, gawo lililonse la makina a laser limachita gawo lofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwake konse. Nkhaniyi yapereka chithunzithunzi cha dziko lovuta la ukadaulo wa laser, ndikupereka chidziwitso chomwe chikugwirizana ndi kumvetsetsa kwapamwamba kwa aphunzitsi ndi mainjiniya a kuwala m'mundawu.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Laser Kogwirizana

Zogulitsa Zofanana

Laser Yopopedwa ndi Diode Yolimba

Wonjezerani kafukufuku wanu ndi ntchito zanu pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wathu wa Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers (DPSS). Ma laser amenewa, okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zopopera, khalidwe lapamwamba la kuwala, komanso kukhazikika kosayerekezeka, amapereka njira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito.

Laser Diode Array

Mndandanda wa Laser Diode Stacks umapezeka mu mipiringidzo yopingasa, yoyima, ya polygon, ya ring, ndi ya mini-stacked, yosonkhanitsidwa pamodzi pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa AuSn hard soldering. Mipiringidzo yozizira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito powunikira, kufufuza, kuzindikira ndi magwero a pampu.

Diode ya Laser Yolumikizidwa ndi Ulusi

Ma laser a diode olumikizidwa ndi ulusi, omwe amatulutsa kuwala kosalala komanso kozungulira kokhala ndi kuwala kofanana, amatanthauzidwa ngati zida za diode laser zomwe zimaphatikiza kuwala komwe kumatuluka kukhala ulusi wowala.

Laser ya Galasi Yopangidwa ndi Erbium

Laser yathu yagalasi ya Erbium-Doped Glass, yomwe imadziwika kuti 1535nm Eye-Safe Er Glass Laser, imagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pofufuza zinthu zomwe sizingawononge maso. Imapereka magwiridwe antchito odalirika komanso otsika mtengo, imatulutsa kuwala komwe kumayamwa ndi mawonekedwe a cornea ndi crystalline diso, ndikutsimikizira chitetezo cha retina.

Zolemba

1. Siegman, AE (1986). Ma laser. Mabuku a Sayansi Yakuyunivesite.
2. Svelto, O. (2010). Mfundo za Lasers. Springer.
3. Koechner, W. (2006). Uinjiniya wa Laser wa Solid-State. Springer.
4. Piper, JA, & Mildren, RP (2014). Ma Diode Pumped Solid State Lasers. Mu Buku Lophunzitsira za Ukadaulo wa Laser ndi Mapulogalamu (Vol. III). CRC Press.
5. Milonni, PW, & Eberly, JH (2010). Fiziki ya Laser. Wiley.
6. Silfvast, WT (2004). Zofunikira pa Laser. Cambridge University Press.

Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-27-2023

Zigawo Zazikulu za laser: Gain Medium, Pump Source, ndi Optical Cavity.