Mu ntchito za laser ya mafakitale, gawo la laser lopopera diode limagwira ntchito ngati "mphamvu yaikulu" ya dongosolo la laser. Kugwira ntchito kwake kumakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito, nthawi ya zida, komanso mtundu wa chinthu chomaliza. Komabe, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya laser yopopera diode yomwe ilipo pamsika (monga mitundu yopopera kumapeto, yopopera mbali, ndi yolumikizidwa ndi ulusi), kodi munthu angagwirizane bwanji molondola ndi zofunikira zinazake za mafakitale? Nkhaniyi ikupereka njira yosankhira mwadongosolo kutengera magawo aukadaulo ndi kusanthula kochokera ku zochitika.
1. Fotokozani Zofunikira Zazikulu za Ntchito Yogulitsa Mafakitale
Musanasankhe gawo la laser lopopera diode, ndikofunikira kufotokoza magawo ofunikira a momwe ntchito ikuyendera:
① Mtundu Wokonzera
- Kukonza kosalekeza kwamphamvu kwambiri (monga kudula/kuwotcherera zitsulo zokhuthala): Ikani patsogolo mphamvu yokhazikika (>1kW) ndi mphamvu yotaya kutentha.
- Kukonza bwino kwambiri makina ang'onoang'ono (monga kuboola/kudula zinthu zofooka): Kumafuna kuwala kwamphamvu (M² < 10) ndi kuwongolera bwino kwa pulse (nanosecond level). – Kukonza mwachangu kwambiri (monga, kulumikiza ma tabu a lithiamu batire): Kumafuna mphamvu yoyankha mwachangu (kuchuluka kobwerezabwereza mu kHz range). ② Kusinthasintha kwa chilengedwe – Malo ovuta (monga kutentha kwambiri, fumbi, kugwedezeka monga mizere yopangira magalimoto): Kumafuna mulingo wotetezeka kwambiri (IP65 kapena kupitirira apo) ndi kapangidwe kolimba. ③ Zoganizira za Mtengo Wanthawi Yaitali Zipangizo zamafakitale nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito maola 24 patsiku, masiku 7 pa sabata, kotero ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito (>30%), nthawi yokonza, ndi ndalama zosungira.
2. Zizindikiro Zofunikira Zogwirira Ntchito Zafotokozedwa
① Mphamvu Yotulutsa ndi Ubwino wa Mtanda
- Mphamvu Yosiyanasiyana: Ma module a laser opopera ma diode a mafakitale nthawi zambiri amakhala kuyambira 100W mpaka 10kW. Sankhani kutengera makulidwe azinthu (monga kudula chitsulo cha 20mm kumafuna ≥3kW).
- Ubwino wa Beam (M² Factor):
- M² < 20: Yoyenera kukonzedwa mopanda mphamvu (monga kuyeretsa pamwamba).
- M² < 10: Yoyenera kuwotcherera/kudula molondola (monga, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 0.1mm). – Zindikirani: Mphamvu zambiri nthawi zambiri zimawononga ubwino wa chitsulo; ganizirani mapangidwe opopera m'mbali kapena osakanikirana kuti muwongolere. ② Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino kwa Magetsi ndi Kusamalira Kutentha – Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino kwa Magetsi: Zimakhudza mwachindunji ndalama zamagetsi. Ma module okhala ndi mphamvu zoposa 40% ndi omwe amakondedwa (monga, ma module a laser opopera diode ndi ogwira ntchito nthawi 2-3 kuposa omwe amapopera nyali).
- Kapangidwe ka Kuziziritsa: Kuziziritsa madzi kwa microchannel (kuzizira bwino >500W/cm²) ndikoyenera kwambiri pa ntchito yayitali komanso yodzaza katundu kuposa kuziziritsa mpweya.
③ Kudalirika ndi Moyo Wautali
- MTBF (Nthawi Yapakati Pakati pa Kulephera): Malo opangira mafakitale amafunika maola ≥50,000.
- Kukana Kuipitsidwa: Khomo lotseguka la kuwala limaletsa kutayikira kwachitsulo ndi kulowerera kwa fumbi (IP67 rating ndi yabwino kwambiri).
④ Kugwirizana ndi Kukula
- Control Interface: Chithandizo cha ma protocol a mafakitale monga EtherCAT ndi RS485 chimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuphatikizana mu mizere yopanga yokha.
- Kukula kwa Modular: Chithandizo cha makonzedwe ofanana a ma module ambiri (monga, 6-in-1 stacking) chimalola kukweza mphamvu popanda vuto.
⑤ Mawonekedwe a Mafunde ndi Makhalidwe a Kugunda
- Kufananiza Kutalika kwa Mafunde:
- 1064nm: Yodziwika bwino pokonza zitsulo.
- 532nm/355nm: Yoyenera kukonzedwa bwino kwa zinthu zopanda chitsulo monga galasi ndi zoumbaumba.
- Kulamulira Kugunda kwa Mtima:
- QCW (Quasi-Continuous Wave) mode ndi yabwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso pafupipafupi (monga kujambula mozama).
- Kubwerezabwereza kwapamwamba (MHz level) ndikoyenera polemba liwiro lapamwamba.
3. Kupewa Mavuto Omwe Amasankhidwa Kawirikawiri
- Vuto 1: “Mphamvu ikakhala yayikulu, imakhala yabwino” – Mphamvu yochulukirapo ingayambitse kuyaka kwa zinthu. Linganizani mphamvu ndi mtundu wa kuwala.
- Vuto Lachiwiri: "Kunyalanyaza ndalama zosamalira kwa nthawi yayitali" - Ma module osagwira ntchito bwino angapangitse kuti pakhale mphamvu zambiri komanso ndalama zosamalira pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zoyambira zisamawonongeke.
- Pitfall 3: "Module imodzi imagwirizana ndi zonse pazochitika zonse" - Kukonza bwino komanso kolimba kumafuna mapangidwe osiyanasiyana (monga, kuchuluka kwa doping, kapangidwe ka pampu).
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Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-10-2025